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Heparin Mimicking Polymers are synthetic compounds that possess similar characteristics to heparin, that is it can be used clinically as an anticoagulant. These compounds like heparin possess a negative charge density that allows it to interact and inhibit the coagulation process. Glucose or mannose-contain n-alkyl urea peptoid oligomer, glucose modified diamine with pedant monosaccharides are examples of heparin mimicking polymers.〔Huang, Y., Taylor, L., Chen, X. and Ayres, N. (2013), Synthesis of a polyurea from a glucose- or mannose-containing N-alkyl urea peptoid oligomer. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 51: 5230–5238. (doi: 10.1002/pola.26953 )〕 Heparin mimicking polymers can also be used to create biomaterials for surgical application such as pacemakers, stents, etc. Heparin is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant however, it possesses drawbacks creating a need for synthetic heparin mimicking polymers. Events such as the 2008 heparin contamination event, and mad cow disease further enhance the new demand for more robust anticoagulants. Additionally prolonged use of heparin results in heparin induced thrombocytopenia.〔 Three aspects of synthetic mimicking polymers are currently focused on: mimicking anionic sulfate domains of heparin, polymerization of sulfated saccharides and sulfation of natural occurring GAGs.〔 ==Synthesis== Heparin mimicking polymers can be synthesized through a variety of mechanisms. To begin, monomers can be either be synthesized or purchased from avenues such as Sigma Aldrich. The monomers are the basic subunits of the polymer and can be designed to incorporate specific functional groups, e.g. sugars, urea, which can enhance the biocompatibility of the heparin-mimicking polymer. The monomers can then be linked together through a processed call polymerization. This processed specifically can be achieved via various mechanisms such as step growth polymerization, RAFT, etc. Through the process of polymerization, monomers of the heparin mimicking polymers are covalently linked together to increase the molecular weight. Post polymerization, the polymer chains can be cross-linked to one another thus forming a larger polymer network. The chain length, intermolecular forces and reactive sites influence the specific function of the heparin-mimicking polymer. By altering the chemical structure of the polymer, certain properties can be exhibited. For example, studies have shown that by altering the thermal transition of the polymer, shape memory behavior can be exhibited. This is where the polymer conforms to deformed shape and then returns to its original configuration due to certain stimulus. Heparin-mimicking polymers can be designed to exhibit shape memory behavior. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Heparin mimicking polymers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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